http://hdl.handle.net/10174/1003 2026-04-03T22:59:34Z 2026-04-03T22:59:34Z NIKOLOGIANNI, Stamatina Gómez Martínez, Susana Mirão, José Dias, Luís Catarino, Helena Salinas, Elena SCHIAVON, Nicola Beltrame, Massimo http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41061 2026-02-10T15:23:21Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Provenance and technology of relief and/or lustre glazed ceramics from Mértola (Portugal) Authors: NIKOLOGIANNI, Stamatina; Gómez Martínez, Susana; Mirão, José; Dias, Luís; Catarino, Helena; Salinas, Elena; SCHIAVON, Nicola; Beltrame, Massimo Abstract: This paper presents a study of a selection of lustre, relief, and lustre-relief glazed ceramics found at Mértola (12th–13th centuries), and Coimbra (11th century), Portugal (i.e. Garb al-Andalus during the Islamic period). The primary aim is to examine the possibility of a local production of lustre, relief, and lustre-relief wares at Mértola, and to compare the ceramic, glaze, and lustre technology employed with that applied in the production of lustre ceramics recovered at Coimbra, supposedly produced at Seville (Spain) during the 11th century. The analytical protocol included Optical Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), in addition to High-Resolution Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM). Considering the characteristics of the Mértola samples, during the 12th–13th centuries, different types of glazed ware, including lustre, relief, and lustre-relief, were locally produced, while others were imported. Conversely, Coimbra lustrewares evidenced significant technological differences, linking these samples to the Middle East tradition. To conclude, the results of this study evidenced, unexpectedly, that during the 11th century lustreware ceramics were imported into the al-Andalus, and not produced at Seville. The production started later, and Mértola ceramics from the 12th–13th centuries represent one ascertain example.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Carneiro, André Polo Romero, Alberto Tobalina Pulido, Leticia http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41008 2026-02-10T12:08:42Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: A propósito de un nuevo fragmento de meta de molino de aceite en el Alto Alentejo (Fronteira, Portugal) Authors: Carneiro, André; Polo Romero, Alberto; Tobalina Pulido, Leticia Abstract: Se presenta el hallazgo de un fragmento de molino oleario hallado en la finca Herdade das Antas, en Fronteira (Alto Alentejo, Portugal), durante las prospecciones arqueológicas realizadas en 2022. La pieza, probablemente producida localmente, es un fragmento de molino de tipo mola hispaniense, utilizado para la molienda de aceitunas. Su identificación y características técnicas sugieren un contexto de producción de aceite en una estructura rural vinculada a un centro agropecuario próximo. Este hallazgo es relevante para entender la producción de aceite en la región de Fronteira y del Alto Alentejo, ya que no se han realizado prácticamente hallazgos en este sentido. Este hallazgo refuerza, además, la idea de una economía rural diversificada en el Alto Alentejo, donde la producción de aceite, vino y otros bienes esenciales se destinaba tanto al autoconsumo como a mercados regionales. El hallazgo contribuye a comprender mejor las dinámicas de las unidades rurales de la región.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Carneiro, André Tobalina Pulido, Leticia Fernandez-Abella, David Tauzia, Nicolas http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41007 2026-02-10T12:08:25Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Monte de Farrusco. Prospección intra site de un yacimiento romano incierto en Alto Alentejo (Fronteira, Portugal). Authors: Carneiro, André; Tobalina Pulido, Leticia; Fernandez-Abella, David; Tauzia, Nicolas Abstract: La creciente intensificación agrícola en la región del Alto Alentejo (Portugal) puede conllevar una pérdida de enclaves arqueológicos. La realización de prospecciones superficiales intensivas para caracterizar y documentar yacimientos romanos antes de su degradación y posible destrucción puede ser una solución interesante para atenuar el impacto de las actividades agrícolas, recogiendo datos arqueológicos de manera efectiva y rápida. Así, a finales de 2021 se realizó una prospección intensiva en el enclave de Monte Farrusco, realizando una recolección exhaustiva de material arqueológico. La prospección superficial dio como resultado un elevado número de material latericio y constructivo, dolia y escorias. Pese al escaso material diagnóstico, los restos estudiados nos permiten situarlo cronológicamente en una horquilla entre los siglos I - III d.C. Además, se ha caracterizado funcionalmente como un posible centro de producción agropecuaria de tipo "Open site", centrado en funciones de acumulación de excedente y producción textil y metalúrgica, entre las identificadas arqueológicamente.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Carneiro, André Ditta, Asim Galacho, Cristina Moita, Patrícia http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41004 2026-02-10T12:07:17Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Mortars and Renders: Case of the Roman Villa Horta da Torre Fronteira, Portugal Authors: Carneiro, André; Ditta, Asim; Galacho, Cristina; Moita, Patrícia Abstract: The archaeological site of villa Horta da Torre in Portugal reveals distinctive architectural features within the context of Roman villae in Hispania. Notably, the triclinium was designed with an artificial cascade originating from a double apse wall, and the walls were adorned with mosaic tessellae panels and marble skirting. During the Roman era, the surrounding area belonged to the former province of Lusitania, with Augusta Emerita serving as its capital. This study examines 11 mortar samples from various contexts and functions, such as masonry, preparatory, render, and opus signinum mortars. A set of complementary analytical techniques was employed to determine the textural and mineralogical compositions of the mortars. The aim was to gain insights into the production techniques and the selection of raw materials within the geological context of this rural construction. It was observed that the processing of raw materials and production techniques did not always adhere to the rules of Vitruvius. A comparison with other villas revealed comparatively less meticulous attention to sand selection and precise layering for mural painting. Nevertheless, it was noted that in preparatory layers for the supranucleus and nucleus tesserae, ceramic pieces were intentionally added to improve the mortar. The binder used was calcitic lime, likely obtained from locally sourced limestone. The nature of aggregates is diversified but consistent with the local geological provenance within a radius of less than 3 km, in accordance with two sand exploration sites. This research aligns with the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, contributing specifically to SDG 11 and Target 11.4, which “aims to strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage”.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z