http://hdl.handle.net/10174/550 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 14:09:41 GMT 2026-04-06T14:09:41Z http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41434 Title: Roof Tiles and Bricks of the Etruscan Domus dei Dolia (Vetulonia, Italy): An Archaeological and Archaeometric Study of Construction Materials Authors: Beltrame, Massimo; Rafanelli, Simona; Quaratesi, Costanza; Mirão, José; Coradeschi, Ginevra Abstract: In this article, the archaeological and archaeometrical study of several roof tiles and bricks retrieved at the Etruscan Domus dei Dolia is presented. The Domus is located in Etrusco-Roman neighbourhood (Hellenistic – Late Republican periods, third–first centuries BC) of the ancient city of Vetulonia (central Italy), in the area of Poggiarello Renzetti. The main goals were to establish the characteristics of the raw material/s used in their production, the possible provenance, the technology applied, and to get insight regarding the production organization and the local economy. The archaeological materials were analysed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Principal component analysis was also applied to evaluate/interpret chemical data. Results evidenced that roof tiles and bricks were produced using a different technology and raw materials. Roof tiles were possibly manufactured within 12 km from the archaeological site and imported into the town, exploiting two different raw materials. Conversely, bricks were likely produced very close to the archaeological site. So, it is supposed that raw materials were selected considering factors such as distance, abundance, and accessibility to natural resources and security. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10174/41434 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10174/33443 Title: The endorheic – Exorheic transition and later stage of fluvial incision in a wet tropical margin setting: The Atlantic draining Paraíba do Sul River basin (Brazil) Authors: Freitas, Marcelo; Paixão, Rodrigo; Salgado, André; Silva, Luis; Cunha, Pedro; Gomes, Alberto; Martins, António; Almeida, Júlio; Tupinamba, Miguel; Dantas, Marcelo Abstract: Present-day endorheic drainage systems are rare in tropical humid regions and/or close to the coast. During the late Cenozoic, under a humid tropical climate, the Paraíba do Sul River basin (SE Brazil) has developed along the South America passive margin. This basin currently drains into the South Atlantic Ocean, but it preserves landforms that are indicative of previous endorheic paleodrainage. This study examines the possibility that this region was endorheic for most of the Neogene, prior to the establishment of the present-day drainage to the Atlantic and discusses the transition from an endorheic to an exorheic system. Data was obtained through analysis of geomorphological features identified by remote-sensing techniques and verified by fieldwork, as well as the interpretation of landscape evolution models elaborated by the Seppômen method. Five drainage convergence areas and possible endorheic paleobasins, previous to the Quaternary (or to the Pliocene) have been identified within the present-day Paraíba do Sul River basin. Each area is associated with a Cenozoic graben and is separated by structural highs which would have formed paleodrainage divides. The mechanism for the transition endorheic-exorheic is the overspill, the inland regressive erosion or, more probable, a combination between these two processes. In fact, these two processes often occur concomitantly and both contribute to the same result: the expansion of an exorheic basin by the incision of a permanent channel into the endorheic basin infill. The geological evolution of the ancestral Paraíba do Sul River, draining to the Atlantic Ocean, was later strongly controlled by the very low sea levels during the Quaternary which determined the stage of fluvial incision. No numerical dating has been yet obtained for the proposed endorheic-exorheic transition; nonetheless, published regional denudation rates suggest that this transition occurred sometime in the interval between 21 and 5 Ma (Miocene to Pliocene). This transition was controlled by a previous decrease in subsidence within the aforementioned grabens and by a much wetter climate that promoted overspill and connection to the Atlantic. Thu, 31 Mar 2022 23:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10174/33443 2022-03-31T23:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3673 Title: Simulations of strong ground motion in SW Iberia for the 1969 February 28 (Ms = 8.0) and the 1755 November 1 (M~ 8.5) earthquakes - II. Strong ground motion simulations Authors: Grandin, Raphaël; Borges, José Fernando; Bezzeghoud, Mourad; Caldeira, Bento; Carrilho, Fernando Abstract: This is the second paper of a series of two concerning strong ground motion in SW Iberia due to earthquakes originating from the adjacent Atlantic area. The aim of this paper is to use the velocity model that was proposed and validated in the companion paper for seismic intensity modelling of the 1969 (Ms = 8.0) and 1755 (M = 8.5–8.7) earthquakes. First, we propose a regression to convert simulated values of Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) into Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) in SW Iberia, and using this regression, we build synthetic isoseismal maps for a large (Ms = 8.0) earthquake that occurred in 1969. Based on information on the seismic source provided by various authors, we show that the velocity model effectively reproduces macroseismic observations in the whole region.We also confirm that seismic intensity distribution is very sensitive to a small number of source parameters: rupture directivity, fault strike and fault dimensions. Then, we extrapolate the method to the case of the great (M = 8.5–8.7) 1755 earthquake, for a series of hypotheses recently proposed by three authors about the location of the epicentral region. The model involving a subductionrelated rupture in the Gulf of C´adiz results in excessive ground motion in northern Morocco, suggesting that the source of the 1755 earthquake should be located further west. A rupture along thewestern coast of Portugal, compatible with an activation of the passivewestern Iberian margin, would imply a relatively low average slip, which, alone, would could not account for the large tsunami observed in the whole northern Atlantic ocean. A seismic source located below the Gorringe Bank seems the most likely since it is more efficient in reproducing the distribution of high intensities in SW Iberia due to the 1755 earthquake. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3673 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10174/2376 Title: Ofiolitos variscos e o metamorfismo de alta pressão associado, no ramo sul da Cadeia Varisca Ibérica / Variscan ophiolites and related high-pressure metamorphism in Southern Iberian Variscan foldbelt Authors: Fonseca, Paulo; Araújo, Alexandre; Munhá, José; Pedro, Jorge Abstract: The southern Iberia, Variscan ophiolites occur both as a thin belt along the boundary between the Ossa-Morena and South Portuguese Zones — Beja- Acebuches ophiolite — and as dismembered, scattered allochthonous klippen on top of lower Palaeozoic sequences within the internal areas of the Ossa- Morena Zone. The Beja-Acebuches ophiolite corresponds to a thin amphibolite-serpentinite belt displaying internal lithological organisation including, from bottom to top: metaperidotites (harzburgitic/dunitic) and cumulate pyroxenites, flaser gabbros with trondhjemitic intrusions, amphibolites (locally derived from a sheeted dike complex) and fine grain greenschists (locally preserving pillowed structures). Deformation structures result from three main deformation phases: D1 (early Devonian) corresponds to high-temperature ophiolite obduction towards N-NE, D2 (middle Devonian) is related to retrogression during transpressive sinistral shearing to WNW, and finally, D3 is a more brittle event, and involved sinistral south-westwards thrusting reactivating D2 structures. The ophiolite is bounded to the north by a thrust that brought Ossa-Morena Zone infra-crustal rocks over the ophiolitic sequence; towards the south the ophiolitic complex has been thrust over the South Portuguese Zone units and is unconformably overlained by a late Devonian flysch sequence. The Beja-Acebuches amphibolites were originally tholeiitic gabbros/dolerites/basalts displaying considerable geochemical variations that range from MORB-type to those transitional to arc tholeiites, suggesting derivation from a back-arc basin oceanic crust. The internal ophiolitic klippen were emplaced contemporaneously with the obduction of the Beja-Acebuches ophiolite. They comprise small, dismembered tectonic slices that were imbricated within a high-pressure (eclogite/blueschist), early Palaeozoic passive continental margin sequence, and then thrust onto the Ossa-Morena Zone. The high-pressure metamorphism was polyphase; early (pre- to syn-D1) eclogite recrystallization is interpreted as reflecting type-A subduction and initial D1-thrusting; late blueschist facies overprinting corresponds to tectonic imbrication related to the nappe emplacement. Ophiolite geochemistry display wide variations in incompatible element fractionation, ranging from N-MORB type LREE-depleted to LREE-enriched T/P-MORB; contrasting with similar lithologies from the Beja-Acebuches ophiolite, the orogenic (island arc-like) characteristics were not detected in these internal ophiolitic occurrences. The contrasting characteristics of the Ossa-Morena ophiolite types are reminiscent of those already described from other ophiolite belts and suggest that they probably represent different oceanic basins. Thu, 01 Jan 2004 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10174/2376 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z